1. Ukwenziwa kunye namacandelo aphambili erhasi yenkunkuma yepeyinti yokutshiza
Inkqubo yokupeyinta isetyenziswa kakhulu koomatshini, iimoto, izixhobo zombane, izixhobo zasekhaya, iinqanawa, ifenitshala kunye namanye amashishini.
Peyinta izinto eziluhlaza —— ipeyinti yenziwe ngezinto ezingaguquguqukiyo nezingaguquguqukiyo, ezingaguquguqukiyo ezibandakanya into yefilimu kunye nesixhobo sefilimu encedisayo, i-agent eguquguqukayo isetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa ipeyinti, ukufezekisa injongo yepeyinti egudileyo nentle.
Inkqubo yokutshiza ipeyinti ikakhulu ivelisa inkungu yepeyinti kunye nongcoliseko lwerhasi yenkunkuma ephilayo, ipeyinti phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo oluphezulu kumasuntswana, xa kutshizwa, inxalenye yepeyinti ayizange ifike kwindawo yokutshiza, ukusasazwa kunye nokuhamba komoya ukwenza inkungu yepeyinti; irhasi yenkunkuma ephilayo evela kwi-volatilization ye-diluent, i-solvent ye-organic ayiqhotyoshelwanga kumphezulu wepeyinti, ipeyinti kunye nenkqubo yokunyanga iya kukhulula igesi yenkunkuma ephilayo (kuxelwe amakhulu eekhompawundi eziguquguqukayo ze-organic, ngokulandelanayo ze-alkane, i-alkanes, i-olefin, i-aromatics, i-alcohol, i-aldehyde, i-ketones, i-ester, i-ester).
2. Umthombo kunye neempawu zegesi yokukhupha i-coating yemoto
Iworkshop yokupeyinta iimoto kufuneka iqhube ipeyinti yonyango lwangaphambili, i-electrophoresis kunye nepeyinti yokutshiza kwindawo yokusebenza. Inkqubo yokupeyinta ibandakanya ukupeyinta ukutshiza, ukuhamba kunye nokomisa, kwezi nkqubo ziya kuvelisa i-organic waste gas (VOCs) kunye ne-spray spray, ngoko ke ezi nkqubo kufuneka zitshize igumbi lokupeyinta unyango lwegesi yenkunkuma.
(1) Inkunkuma yegesi ephuma kwigumbi lokupeyinta
Ukuze kugcinwe indawo yokusebenza yokutshiza, ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho woKhuseleko lwezeMisebenzi kunye nezeMpilo, umoya kufuneka utshintshwe ngokuqhubekayo kwigumbi lokutshiza, kwaye isantya sokutshintsha umoya kufuneka silawulwe ngaphakathi koluhlu (0.25 ~ 1) m / s. Ukwakhiwa okuphambili kwegesi yokukhupha umoya yi-solvent ye-organic yepeyinti yokutshiza, amacandelo ayo aphambili yi-hydrocarbons enukayo (i-benzene ezintathu kunye ne-non-methane iyonke i-hydrocarbon), i-alcohol ether, i-ester organic solvent, ngenxa yokuba umthamo wokukhupha wegumbi lokutshiza mkhulu kakhulu, ngoko ke ukuxinwa kwegesi yenkunkuma ekhutshiweyo iphantsi kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-100 mg / mm3. Ukongeza, umbhobho wegumbi lokupeyinta uhlala uqulethe inkungu encinci yepeyinti engaphathwanga ngokupheleleyo, ngakumbi igumbi lokutshiza lepeyinti eyomileyo, inkungu yepeyinti ekukhupheni, inokuba ngumqobo wokuchitha unyango lwegesi, unyango lwegesi yenkunkuma kufuneka lube lonyango lwangaphambili.
(2) Inkunkuma yegesi esuka kwigumbi lokomisa
Ipeyinti yobuso emva kokutshiza ngaphambi kokumisa, ifuna ukuhamba komoya, ifilimu yepeyinti emanzi ye-solvent ye-organic kwinkqubo yokomisa i-volcano eguquguqukayo, ukuze kuthintelwe ingozi yokuqhuma kwe-solvent ye-solvent ye-air indoor, igumbi lomoya kufuneka libe ngumoya oqhubekayo, ukutshintsha isantya somoya jikelele kulawulo malunga ne-0.2 m / s, ukukhupha i-exhaust ukubunjwa kunye negumbi lepeyinti elingenayo i-peyinti yepeyinti, kodwa i-spray yepeyinti ayinayo i-peyinti yokudibanisa, igumbi, ngokomthamo wokukhupha, ngokubanzi kwigumbi lokutshiza ukukhupha igesi yoxinaniso malunga namaxesha ama-2, inokufikelela kuma-300 mg/m3, ngokuqhelekileyo ixutywe nokuphuma kwegumbi lokutshiza emva konyango oluphakathi. Ukongeza, igumbi lokupeyinta, indawo yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka epeyinti engaphezulu kufuneka ikhuphe irhasi efanayo.
(3)Digesi ephumayo ekhalayo
Ukubunjwa kwerhasi yenkunkuma yokomisa kunzima ngakumbi, ukongeza kwi-solvent ye-organic, inxalenye ye-plasticizer okanye i-resin monomer kunye namanye amacandelo aguquguqukayo, kodwa iqulethe iimveliso zokubola kwe-thermal, iimveliso zokusabela. I-electrophoretic primer kunye ne-solvent type topcoat drying ine-exhaust gas discharge, kodwa ukubunjwa kwayo kunye nokwahlukana koxinzelelo kukhulu.
※Iingozi zegesi yokukhupha ipeyinti yepeyinti:
Kuyaziwa ukusuka kuhlalutyo ukuba irhasi yenkunkuma evela kwigumbi lokutshiza, igumbi lokumisa, igumbi lokuxuba ipeyinti kunye negumbi elingaphezulu lepeyinti yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka liphantsi koxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba okukhulu, kwaye amacandelo aphambili ongcoliseko ziihydrocarbons ezinuka kamnandi, ii-ether zotywala kunye ne-ester organic solvents. NgokoMgangatho oBanzi wokuPhuma woNgcoliseko loMoya, ukuxinwa kwale nkunkuma yerhasi kungaphakathi komda wokukhutshwa. Ukuze ujongane neemfuno zesantya sokukhupha kumgangatho, uninzi lweefektri zeemoto zisebenzisa indlela yokukhutshwa komgangatho ophezulu. Nangona le ndlela inokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhutshwa kwangoku, kodwa irhasi yenkunkuma ngokuyimfuneko ayilungiswanga i-diluted emission, kwaye isixa esipheleleyo songcoliseko lwegesi olukhutshwa ngumgca omkhulu wokugquma umzimba unokuba phezulu ukuya kumakhulu eetoni, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo omkhulu emoyeni.
Ipeyinti inkungu kwi-solvent ephilayo -- benzene, toluene, ixylene sisinyibilikisi esinetyhefu esomeleleyo, sisebenza emoyeni kwindawo yokusebenzela, abasebenzi emva kokuphefumla ngepheshana lokuphefumla kunokubangela ityhefu ebukhali kwaye engapheliyo, eyona nto ibangela umonakalo wenkqubo ye-nervous kunye ne-hematopoietic, ukuphefumla ixesha elifutshane (ngaphezulu kwe-1500 mg/m3 ye-anemia ebangela umphunga, i-anemia ephantsi ye-anemia, i-anemia ephantsi) Umphunga webenzene usenokubangela ukugabha, iimpawu zemithambo-luvo ezifana nokubhideka.
※Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokucoca igesi yenkunkuma yepeyinti yokutshiza kunye nokwaleka:
Ekukhetheni iindlela zonyango lwe-organic, ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokubanzi: uhlobo kunye nokugxininiswa kwezinto ezingcolileyo eziphilayo, ukushisa kwe-organic exhaust kunye nesantya sokukhupha, umxholo we-particulate, kunye nenqanaba lokulawula ukungcola ekufuneka kuphunyezwe.
1Sthandaza ipeyinti kunyango lobushushu begumbi
Irhasi yokukhupha ephuma kwigumbi lokupeyinta, igumbi lokomisa, igumbi lokuxuba ipeyinti kunye negumbi lokucocwa kogutyulo lwe-topcoat ligumbi lokukhupha irhasi yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nokuqukuqela okukhulu, kwaye eyona nto iphambili yokungcola yi-hydrocarbons enamakha, utywala kunye ne-ether kunye ne-ester organic solvents. Ngokutsho kwe-GB16297 "uMgangatho oBanzi wokuPhuma wokuNgcoliseka koMoya", ukuxinwa kwale nkunkuma yegesi ngokuqhelekileyo kungaphakathi komda wokukhutshwa. Ukuze ujongane neemfuno zesantya sokukhupha kumgangatho, uninzi lweefektri zeemoto zisebenzisa indlela yokukhutshwa komgangatho ophezulu. Nangona le ndlela inokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhutshwa kwangoku, kodwa igesi engcolileyo ikhutshwa ngokuyimfuneko ngaphandle konyango, kwaye isixa esipheleleyo sokungcola kwegesi ekhutshwe ngumgca omkhulu wokugquma umzimba unokuba phezulu kumakhulu eetoni, nto leyo ebangela ingozi enkulu kakhulu emoyeni.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe ngokusisiseko ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolisa igesi ephumayo, iindlela ezininzi zokunyanga irhasi zinokusetyenziselwa ngokudibeneyo kunyango, kodwa iindleko zonyango lwegesi yokukhupha ngomthamo womoya ophezulu kakhulu. Okwangoku, indlela yangaphandle evuthiweyo kukuqala ukugxila (kunye nevili le-adsorption-desorption ukugxininisa isixa esipheleleyo malunga namaxesha angama-15), ukuze kuncitshiswe inani elipheleleyo eliza kunyangwa, kwaye emva koko usebenzise indlela eyonakalisayo yokuphatha irhasi yenkunkuma. Kukho iindlela ezifanayo e-China, indlela yokuqala yokusetyenziswa kwe-adsorption (i-carbon activated okanye i-zeolite njenge-adsorbent) yoxinaniso oluphantsi, ubushushu begumbi lokutshiza ipeyinti inkunkuma yegesi adsorption, kunye ne-gas desorption yobushushu obuphezulu, i-gas eyinkunkuma egxininisiweyo isebenzisa ukutsha kwe-catalytic okanye indlela yokuvuselela i-thermal combustion yonyango. Uxinzelelo oluphantsi, ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bepeyinti yokutshiza inkunkuma yegesi yebhayoloji indlela yonyango iyaphuhliswa, itekhnoloji yasekhaya kwinqanaba langoku ayivuthwanga, kodwa kufanelekile ukunikela ingqalelo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ngokwenene ungcoliseko lukawonke-wonke lwerhasi yokugquma inkunkuma, kufuneka siphinde sisombulule ingxaki evela kumthombo, njengokusetyenziswa kweekomityi ezijikelezayo zombane kunye nezinye iindlela zokuphucula umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kweengubo zokwaleka, uphuhliso lokwaleka olusekelwe emanzini kunye nolunye ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo.
2Dunyango lwerhasi yenkunkuma
Irhasi yokomisa inkunkuma yeyomgangatho ophakathi kunye nophezulu wobushushu obuphezulu benkunkuma yegesi, ilungele ukutshiswa kwendlela yonyango. Ukutshatyalaliswa kokutsha kuneeparamitha ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: ixesha, ukushisa, ukuphazamiseka, oko kukuthi, ukutshiswa kweemeko ze-3T. Ukusebenza konyango lwegesi yenkunkuma ngokuyimfuneko yinqanaba elaneleyo lokusabela kokutsha kwaye kuxhomekeke kulawulo lwemeko ye-3T yokusabela kokutsha. I-RTO inokulawula ukushisa okutshisayo (820 ~ 900 ℃) kunye nexesha lokuhlala (1.0 ~ 1.2s), kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ukuphazamiseka okufunekayo (umoya kunye ne-organic matter zixutywe ngokupheleleyo), ukusebenza kakuhle kwonyango kufikelela kwi-99%, kwaye izinga lokushisa kwenkunkuma liphezulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenza kuphantsi. Uninzi lweefektri zeemoto zaseJapan eJapan nase China zihlala zisebenzisa i-RTO ukunyanga igesi yokuphuma yokomisa (i-primer, isambatho esiphakathi, ukomiswa kwedyasi ephezulu). Umzekelo, i-Dongfeng Nissan yemoto yomkhweli ye-Huadu yokwambathisa umgca usebenzisa i-RTO esembindini yonyango yokwaleka ukomisa igesi isiphumo ilungile kakhulu, ihlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zemimiselo yokukhutshwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yotyalo-mali oluphezulu lwexesha elinye lwezixhobo zokucocwa kwerhasi yenkunkuma ye-RTO, ayinoqoqosho kunyango lwegesi eyinkunkuma kunye nokuhamba kwerhasi encinci.
Kumgca wokuvelisa umgca ogqityiweyo, xa izixhobo ezongezelelweyo zokunyanga igesi yenkunkuma kufuneka, inkqubo yokutshisa i-catalytic kunye nenkqubo yokuvuselela i-thermal combustion ingasetyenziswa. Inkqubo yokutshisa i-catalytic inotyalo-mali oluncinci kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okutsha okuphantsi.
Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-platinam njenge-catalyst kunokunciphisa ubushushu be-oxidizing igesi yenkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo ukuya malunga ne-315 ℃. Inkqubo yokutshisa i-Catalytic ingasetyenziselwa unyango lwegesi yokumisa inkunkuma ngokubanzi, ilungele umbane wokomisa usebenzisa amaxesha okufudumeza kombane, ingxaki ekhoyo yindlela yokuphepha ukusilela kwetyhefu ye-catalyst. Ngokusuka kumava abanye abasebenzisi, kwipeyinti yomphezulu wokomisa irhasi yenkunkuma, ngokunyusa ukucocwa kwerhasi eyinkunkuma kunye namanye amanyathelo, inokuqinisekisa ukuba ubomi be-catalyst yi-3 ~ 5 iminyaka; Ipeyinti ye-electrophoretic yokomisa irhasi yenkunkuma kulula ukubangela ityhefu ye-catalyst, ngoko ke unyango lwepeyinti ye-electrophoretic yokomisa irhasi yenkunkuma kufuneka ilumke usebenzisa ukutsha kwe-catalytic. Kwinkqubo yonyango lwe-gas yenkunkuma kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-Dongfeng yokuthengisa isithuthi somzimba we-coating body, i-gas yenkunkuma ye-electrophoretic primer drying iphathwa ngendlela ye-RTO, kwaye i-gas yenkunkuma yokomisa kwepeyinti ephezulu iphathwa ngendlela yokutshisa i-catalytic, kwaye umphumo wokusetyenziswa ulungile.
※Ukutshiza ngepeyinti yokwaleka inkunkuma inkqubo yonyango:
Ukutshiza inkqubo yokucoca igesi yenkunkuma isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukupeyinta igumbi lokupeyinta inkunkuma yonyango lwegesi, ifenitshala yonyango lwenkunkuma yomzi-mveliso wefenitshala, ishishini lokwenziwa ngoomatshini bonyango lwenkunkuma yerhasi, unyango lwegesi yenkunkuma yomzi-mveliso we guardrail, ukwenziwa kweemoto kunye nemoto ye-4S yevenkile yokutshiza igumbi lokupeyinta inkunkuma yokucocwa kwegesi. Okwangoku, kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ezifana: indlela yokuxilisa, indlela yokufunxa, indlela yokutshisa, indlela ye-catalytic, indlela ye-adsorption, indlela ye-biological kunye nendlela ye-ion.
1. Windlela yokutshiza ngamanzi + i-carbon adsorption esebenzayo kunye ne-desorption + ukutsha okutshisayo
Ukusebenzisa inqaba yokutshiza ukususa inkungu yepeyinti kunye ne-soluble kumanzi okucoca, emva kokucoca okomileyo, kwisixhobo se-carbon adsorption esebenzayo, njenge-carbon dioxide adsorption egcweleyo, emva koko ukuhluba (indlela yokuhlutha nge-steam stripping, ukufudumeza kombane, ukuhluthwa kwe-nitrogen), emva kokuhluthwa kwegesi (uxinaniso lunyuke kaninzi kaninzi) ngokukhupha i-fan kwi-carbon dioxide, i-combulation yamanzi kwisixhobo somlilo emva kokuphuma.
2. Wisitshizi samanzi + i-carbon adsorption esebenzayo kunye ne-desorption + indlela yokubuyisela i-condensation
Ukusebenzisa umbhobho wokutshiza ukususa inkungu yepeyinti kunye ne-soluble kwizinto ezinyibilikayo emanzini, emva kokuba isihluzo esomileyo, kwisixhobo se-carbon adsorption esisebenzayo, njenge-carbon adsorption esebenzayo epheleleyo, emva koko ukuya kuhluba (indlela yokuhlutha ngokuqhawula umphunga, ukufudumeza kombane, ukuhluthwa kwe-nitrogen), emva kokucubungula inkunkuma yegesi ye-adsorption condensation, ukubuyiswa kwe-condensate ye-organic matter. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa unyango lwegesi yenkunkuma kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nomthamo womoya ophantsi. Kodwa le ndlela yotyalo-mali, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, iindleko zokusebenza, ukutshiza ipeyinti yokukhupha igesi "ibenzene ezintathu" kunye nenye igesi yokukhupha igesi ingaphantsi kwe-300 mg/m3, iqondo eliphantsi, umthamo womoya omkhulu (imoto yokwenziwa kwepeyinti yepeyinti yomoya umthamo womoya uhlala ungaphezulu kwe-100000), kwaye ngenxa yokuba ukugquma kwemoto kukhupha i-organic, i-solvent sol kunye nokwakheka kwe-solvent kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kulula ukuyisebenzisa. ukutyabeka kunyango igesi inkunkuma ngokubanzi musa ukusebenzisa le ndlela.
3. Windlela yokubhengeza igesi yeaste
Ipeyinti yokutshiza inkunkuma yonyango lwegesi i-adsorption inokohlulwa ibe yikhemikhali ye-adsorption kunye ne-adsorption ebonakalayo, kodwa "inkunkuma ye-benzene" imichiza yegesi yenkunkuma iphantsi, ayisebenzisi nje ikhemikhali yokufunxa. Ulwelo olufunxayo ngokwasemzimbeni lufunxa ukuguquguquka kancinci, kwaye lufunxa amacandelo anobudlelwane obuphezulu bokufudumeza, ukupholisa kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe ukuhlalutya ukufunxa kokufunxa. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukufuduswa komoya, ubushushu obuphantsi, kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi. Ufakelo lunzima, utyalo-mali lukhulu, ukhetho lwe-absorption fluid lunzima kakhulu, kukho ungcoliseko olubini.
4. Ai-carbon adsorption esebenzayo + izixhobo ze-UV photocatalytic oxidation
(1): ngokuthe ngqo ngokusebenzisa i-carbon activated adsorption ngqo ye-organic gas, ukufezekisa izinga lokuhlanjululwa kwe-95%, izixhobo ezilula, utyalo-mali oluncinci, ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa kufuneka kuthathe indawo yekhabhoni esebenzayo, i-concentration ephantsi yokungcola, akukho kubuyiselwa.
5.Ai-carbon adsorption esebenzayo + izixhobo zeplasma ezinobushushu obuphantsi
Emva kokuba i-carbon adsorption isebenze kuqala, emva koko ngobushushu obuphantsi besixhobo sokucoca igesi ye-plasma, iya kunyanga umgangatho wokukhutshwa kwegesi, indlela ye-ion kukusebenzisa iplasma yePlasma (ION plasma) ukuthotywa kwegesi yenkunkuma ephilayo, ukususa ukunuka, ukubulala iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, ukuhlambulula umoya luthelekiso oluphezulu lobuchwephesha bamazwe ngamazwe, iingcali ezibizwa ngokuba ziingcali kwitekhnoloji ye-2 yasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Isitshixo setekhnoloji kukukhutshwa kwebhloko ye-voltage ephezulu ngendlela yenani elikhulu le-ion oksijini esebenzayo (i-plasma), ukusebenza kwegesi, ukuvelisa zonke iintlobo zeeradicals zasimahla, ezifana ne-OH, HO2, O, njl. ungcoliseko lwesibini. Itekhnoloji ineempawu zokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kakhulu, indawo encinci, ukusebenza okulula kunye nokugcinwa kwayo, kwaye ifanelekile ngakumbi kunyango lweegesi zamacandelo ahlukeneyo.
Bisishwankathelo esilula:
Ngoku kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeendlela zonyango kwimarike, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemigangatho yonyango yesizwe neyengingqi, siya kukhetha iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezidityanisiweyo ukunyanga igesi eyinkunkuma, ukukhetha ngokuhambelana nenkqubo yabo yokwenyani yonyango.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-28-2022
