1. Ukwenziwa kunye namacandelo aphambili erhasi yenkunkuma yepeyinti yokutshiza
Inkqubo yokupeyinta isetyenziswa kakhulu koomatshini, iimoto, izixhobo zombane, izixhobo zasekhaya, iinqanawa, ifenitshala kunye namanye amashishini.
Peyinta izinto eziluhlaza —— ipeyinti yenziwe ngezinto ezingaguquguqukiyo nezingaguquguqukiyo, ezingaguquguqukiyo ezibandakanya into yefilimu kunye nesixhobo sefilimu encedisayo, i-agent eguquguqukayo isetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa ipeyinti, ukufezekisa injongo yepeyinti egudileyo nentle.
Inkqubo yokutshiza ipeyinti ikakhulu ivelisa inkungu yepeyinti kunye nongcoliseko lwerhasi yenkunkuma ephilayo, ipeyinti phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo oluphezulu kumasuntswana, xa kutshizwa, inxalenye yepeyinti ayizange ifike kwindawo yokutshiza, ukusasazwa kunye nokuhamba komoya ukwenza inkungu yepeyinti; Irhasi yenkunkuma ephilayo evela kwi-volatilization ye-diluent, i-solvent ye-organic ayiqhotyoshelwanga kumphezulu wepeyinti, ipeyinti kunye nenkqubo yokunyanga iya kukhulula igesi yenkunkuma ephilayo (kuxelwe amakhulu eekhompawundi eziguquguqukayo zezinto eziphilayo, ngokulandelelanayo ze-alkane, i-alkanes, i-olefin, i-aromatics compounds, utywala, aldehyde, ketones, ester, ether, kunye nezinye iikhompawundi).
2. Umthombo kunye neempawu zegesi yokukhupha i-coating yemoto
Iworkshop yokupeyinta iimoto kufuneka iqhube ipeyinti yonyango lwangaphambili, i-electrophoresis kunye nepeyinti yokutshiza kwindawo yokusebenza. Inkqubo yokupeyinta ibandakanya ukupeyinta ukutshiza, ukuhamba kunye nokomisa, kwezi nkqubo ziya kuvelisa i-organic waste gas (VOCs) kunye ne-spray spray, ngoko ke ezi nkqubo kufuneka zitshize igumbi lokupeyinta unyango lwegesi yenkunkuma.
(1) Inkunkuma yegesi ephuma kwigumbi lokupeyinta
Ukuze kugcinwe indawo yokusebenza yokutshiza, ngokwemiqathango yoMthetho woKhuseleko lwezeMisebenzi kunye nezeMpilo, umoya kufuneka utshintshwe ngokuqhubekayo kwigumbi lokutshiza, kwaye isantya sokutshintsha umoya kufuneka silawulwe ngaphakathi koluhlu (0.25 ~ 1) ) Nksk. Ukwakhiwa okuphambili kwegesi yokukhupha umoya sisinyibilikisi sendalo yepeyinti yokutshiza, izinto zalo eziphambili ziihydrocarbons ezinuka kamnandi (ibenzene ezintathu kunye ne-non-methane iyonke i-hydrocarbon), i-alcohol ether, i-ester organic solvent, kuba umthamo wokukhupha wegumbi lokutshiza uphezulu kakhulu. inkulu, ngoko ke uxinaniso lulonke lwerhasi yenkunkuma ekhutshiweyo iphantsi kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-100 mg/m3. Ukongeza, ukuphuma kwegumbi lokupeyinta kuhlala kuqulathe inkungu encinci yepeyinti engaphathwanga ngokupheleleyo, ngakumbi igumbi lokutshiza lokutshiza lokutshiza, inkungu yepeyinti ekukhupheni, inokuba ngumqobo wokuchitha unyango lwegesi, unyango lwegesi yenkunkuma kufuneka lube. unyango lwangaphambili.
(2) Inkunkuma yegesi esuka kwigumbi lokomisa
Ipeyinti yobuso emva kokutshiza ngaphambi kokuba yomiswe, ifuna ukugeleza komoya, ifilimu yepeyinti emanzi ye-solvent ye-organic ekwinkqubo yokomisa i-aguquguquki, ukuze kuthintelwe ingozi yokuqhuma kwe-solvent ye-aggregation ye-air indoor, igumbi lomoya kufuneka libe ngumoya oqhubekayo, ukutshintsha isantya somoya jikelele ukulawula ngeenxa zonke. I-0.2 m / s, ukubunjwa kombhobho wokukhupha kunye nokwakhiwa kwepeyinti yokukhupha, kodwa ayinayo inkungu yepeyinti, i-concentration ye-organic waste gas kunegumbi lokutshiza, ngokomthamo wokukhupha, ngokubanzi kwigumbi lokutshiza ukukhupha igesi yoxinzelelo malunga namaxesha ama-2, inokufikelela kwi-300 mg / m3, ngokuqhelekileyo ixutywe kunye negumbi lokutshiza emva konyango oluphakathi. Ukongeza, igumbi lokupeyinta, indawo yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka epeyinti engaphezulu kufuneka ikhuphe irhasi efanayo.
(3)Digesi ephumayo ekhalayo
Ukubunjwa kwerhasi yenkunkuma yokomisa kunzima ngakumbi, ukongeza kwi-solvent ye-organic, inxalenye ye-plasticizer okanye i-resin monomer kunye namanye amacandelo aguquguqukayo, kodwa iqulethe iimveliso zokubola kwe-thermal, iimveliso zokusabela. I-electrophoretic primer kunye ne-solvent type topcoat drying ine-exhaust gas discharge, kodwa ukubunjwa kwayo kunye nokwahlukana koxinzelelo kukhulu.
※Iingozi zegesi yokukhupha ipeyinti yepeyinti:
Kuyaziwa kuhlalutyo ukuba irhasi yenkunkuma evela kwigumbi lokutshiza, igumbi lokumisa, igumbi lokuxuba ipeyinti kunye negumbi elingaphezulu lepeyinti yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka liphantsi koxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba okukhulu, kwaye ezona nxalenye ziphambili zongcoliseko ziihydrocarbons ezinuka kamnandi, ii-ethers zotywala kunye ne-ester organic. izinyibilikisi. NgokoMgangatho oBanzi wokuPhuma woNgcoliseko loMoya, ukuxinwa kwale nkunkuma yerhasi kungaphakathi komda wokukhutshwa. Ukuze ujongane neemfuno zesantya sokukhupha kumgangatho, uninzi lweefektri zeemoto zisebenzisa indlela yokukhutshwa komgangatho ophezulu. Nangona le ndlela inokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhutshwa kwangoku, kodwa irhasi eyinkunkuma ngokuyimfuneko ayilungiswanga, kwaye isixa esipheleleyo sokungcola kwerhasi ekhutshwa ngumgca omkhulu wokugquma umzimba unokuba phezulu kumakhulu eetoni, nto leyo ebangela ingozi enkulu umoya.
Peyinta inkungu kwi-organic solvent —— benzene, toluene, xylene is a strong toxic solvent, esebenza emoyeni kwindawo yokusebenzela, abasebenzi emva kokuphefumla iphecana lokuphefumla kunokubangela ityhefu ebukhali nengapheliyo, ikakhulu ibangele umonakalo wecentral nervous and hematopoietic system. , ukuphefumla okwexeshana elifutshane (ngaphezulu kwe-1500 mg/m3) ye-benzene vapor, kunokubangela i-aplastic anemia, idla ngokuphefumla i-concentration ephantsi ye-benzene vapor inokubangela ukugabha, iimpawu ze-neurological ezifana nokudideka.
※Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokucoca igesi yenkunkuma yepeyinti yokutshiza kunye nokwaleka:
Ekukhetheni iindlela zonyango lwe-organic, ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokubanzi: uhlobo kunye nokugxininiswa kwezinto ezingcolileyo eziphilayo, ukushisa kwe-organic exhaust kunye nesantya sokukhupha, umxholo we-particulate, kunye nenqanaba lokulawula ukungcola ekufuneka kuphunyezwe.
1Sthandaza ipeyinti kunyango lobushushu begumbi
Irhasi yokukhupha ephuma kwigumbi lokupeyinta, igumbi lokomisa, igumbi lokuxuba ipeyinti kunye negumbi lokucofa amanzi amdaka angaphezulu ligumbi lokukhupha irhasi yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nokuhamba okukhulu, kwaye eyona nto iphambili yokungcola ziihydrocarbons ezinuka kamnandi, utywala kunye neethers kunye ne-ester organic solvents. . Ngokutsho kwe-GB16297 "uMgangatho oBanzi wokuPhuma wokuNgcoliseka koMoya", ukuxinwa kwale nkunkuma yegesi ngokuqhelekileyo kungaphakathi komda wokukhutshwa. Ukuze ujongane neemfuno zesantya sokukhupha kumgangatho, uninzi lweefektri zeemoto zisebenzisa indlela yokukhutshwa komgangatho ophezulu. Nangona le ndlela inokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhutshwa kwangoku, kodwa igesi engcolileyo ikhutshwa ngokuyimfuneko idiluted ngaphandle konyango, kwaye inani lilonke lezinto ezingcolisa igesi ezikhutshwa ngumgca omkhulu wokugquma umzimba unokuba phezulu kumakhulu eetoni, nto leyo ebangela ingozi enkulu kakhulu. umoya.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe ngokusisiseko ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolisa igesi ephumayo, iindlela ezininzi zokunyanga irhasi zinokusetyenziselwa ngokudibeneyo kunyango, kodwa iindleko zonyango lwegesi yokukhupha ngomthamo womoya ophezulu kakhulu. Okwangoku, indlela yangaphandle eqolileyo kukuqala ukugxila (kunye nevili le-adsorption-desorption ukugxila kwisixa esipheleleyo malunga namaxesha angama-15), ukuze kuncitshiswe inani elipheleleyo eliza kunyangwa, kwaye emva koko usebenzise indlela eyonakalisayo ukunyanga. igesi yenkunkuma egxininisiweyo. Kukho iindlela ezifanayo e-China, indlela yokuqala yokusetyenziswa kwe-adsorption (ikhabhoni esebenzayo okanye i-zeolite njenge-adsorbent) yoxinaniso oluphantsi, ubushushu begumbi lokutshiza ipeyinti yenkunkuma yerhasi adsorption, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu begesi yokuchithwa kwegesi, irhasi yenkunkuma egxininisiweyo kusetyenziswa ukutsha kwe-catalytic okanye indlela yokuvuselela i-thermal combustion. unyango. Uxinzelelo oluphantsi, ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bepeyinti yokutshiza inkunkuma yegesi yebhayoloji indlela yonyango iyaphuhliswa, itekhnoloji yasekhaya kwinqanaba langoku ayivuthwanga, kodwa kufanelekile ukunikela ingqalelo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ngokwenene ungcoliseko loluntu lwerhasi yokugquma, kufuneka sisombulule ingxaki evela kumthombo, njengokusetyenziswa kweekomityi ze-electrostatic rotary kunye nezinye iindlela zokuphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kweengubo, uphuhliso lwezogquma ezisekelwe emanzini. kunye nezinye iingubo zokukhusela indalo.
2Dunyango lwerhasi yenkunkuma
Irhasi yokomisa inkunkuma yeyomgangatho ophakathi kunye nophezulu wobushushu obuphezulu benkunkuma yegesi, ilungele ukutshiswa kwendlela yonyango. Ukutshatyalaliswa kokutsha kuneeparamitha ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: ixesha, ukushisa, ukuphazamiseka, oko kukuthi, ukutshiswa kweemeko ze-3T. Ukusebenza konyango lwegesi yenkunkuma ngokuyimfuneko yinqanaba elaneleyo lokusabela kokutsha kwaye kuxhomekeke kulawulo lwemeko ye-3T yokusabela kokutsha. I-RTO inokulawula ubushushu bokutsha (820 ~ 900 ℃) kunye nexesha lokuhlala (1.0 ~ 1.2s), kwaye iqinisekise ukuba ukuphazamiseka okuyimfuneko (umoya kunye nezinto eziphilayo zixutywe ngokupheleleyo), ukusebenza kakuhle konyango kufikelela kwi-99%, kwaye inkunkuma yobushushu iphezulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenza kuphantsi. Uninzi lweefektri zeemoto zaseJapan eJapan nase China zihlala zisebenzisa i-RTO ukunyanga igesi yokuphuma yokomisa (i-primer, isambatho esiphakathi, ukomiswa kwedyasi ephezulu). Umzekelo, i-Dongfeng Nissan yemoto yomkhweli ye-Huadu yokwambathisa umgca usebenzisa i-RTO esembindini yonyango yokwaleka ukomisa igesi isiphumo ilungile kakhulu, ihlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zemimiselo yokukhutshwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yotyalo-mali oluphezulu lwexesha elinye lwezixhobo zokucocwa kwerhasi yenkunkuma ye-RTO, ayinoqoqosho kunyango lwegesi eyinkunkuma kunye nokuhamba kwerhasi encinci.
Kumgca wokuvelisa umgca ogqityiweyo, xa izixhobo ezongezelelweyo zokunyanga igesi yenkunkuma kufuneka, inkqubo yokutshisa i-catalytic kunye nenkqubo yokuvuselela i-thermal combustion ingasetyenziswa. Inkqubo yokutshisa i-catalytic inotyalo-mali oluncinci kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okutsha okuphantsi.
Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-platinam njenge-catalyst kunokunciphisa ubushushu be-oxidizing igesi yenkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo ukuya malunga ne-315 ℃. Inkqubo yokutshisa i-Catalytic ingasetyenziselwa unyango lwegesi yokumisa inkunkuma ngokubanzi, ilungele umbane wokomisa usebenzisa amaxesha okufudumeza kombane, ingxaki ekhoyo yindlela yokuphepha ukusilela kwetyhefu ye-catalyst. Ngokusuka kumava abanye abasebenzisi, kwipeyinti yomphezulu wokomisa irhasi yenkunkuma, ngokunyusa ukucocwa kwerhasi eyinkunkuma kunye namanye amanyathelo, inokuqinisekisa ukuba ubomi be-catalyst yi-3 ~ 5 iminyaka; Ipeyinti ye-electrophoretic yokomisa irhasi yenkunkuma kulula ukubangela ityhefu ye-catalyst, ngoko ke unyango lwepeyinti ye-electrophoretic yokomisa irhasi yenkunkuma kufuneka ilumke usebenzisa ukutsha kwe-catalytic. Kwinkqubo yokunyangwa kwegesi yenkunkuma kunye nokuguqulwa komgca we-Dongfeng yorhwebo yesithuthi somzimba, i-gas yenkunkuma ye-electrophoretic primer drying iphathwa ngendlela ye-RTO, kwaye i-gas yenkunkuma yokomisa kwepeyinti ephezulu iphathwa ngendlela yokutshisa i-catalytic, kunye nefuthe lokusetyenziswa. kulungile.
※Ukutshiza ngepeyinti yokwaleka inkunkuma inkqubo yonyango:
Ukutshiza inkqubo yokucoca igesi yenkunkuma isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukupeyinta igumbi lokupeyinta inkunkuma yonyango lwegesi, ifenitshala yonyango lwenkunkuma yomzi-mveliso wefenitshala, ishishini lokwenziwa ngoomatshini bonyango lwenkunkuma yerhasi, unyango lwegesi yenkunkuma yomzi-mveliso we guardrail, ukwenziwa kweemoto kunye nemoto ye-4S yevenkile yokutshiza igumbi lokupeyinta inkunkuma yokucocwa kwegesi. Okwangoku, kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ezifana: indlela yokuxilisa, indlela yokufunxa, indlela yokutshisa, indlela ye-catalytic, indlela ye-adsorption, indlela ye-biological kunye nendlela ye-ion.
1. Windlela yokutshiza ngamanzi + i-carbon adsorption esebenzayo kunye ne-desorption + ukutsha okutshisayo
Ukusebenzisa i-spray tower ukususa inkungu yepeyinti kunye ne-soluble emanzini, emva kwesihluzo esomileyo, kwisixhobo se-carbon adsorption esisebenzayo, esifana ne-carbon adsorption egcweleyo, emva koko ukuhluba (indlela yokuhlubula ngokukhupha umphunga, ukufudumeza kombane, ukuhluthwa kwenitrogen), emva irhasi yokuhlutha (uxinaniso lunyuke kaninzi kaninzi) ngokususa ifeni kwisixhobo sokutsha esibangela ukutsha, ukutsha kwikharbon diokside namanzi, emva kokuphuma.
2. Wisitshizi samanzi + i-carbon adsorption esebenzayo kunye ne-desorption + indlela yokubuyisela i-condensation
Ukusebenzisa inqaba yokutshiza ukususa inkungu yepeyinti kunye nokunyibilika emanzini, emva kwesihluzo esomileyo, kwisixhobo se-carbon adsorption esisebenzayo, esifana ne-carbon adsorption egcweleyo, emva koko ukuhluba (indlela yokuhlutha ngokukhupha umphunga, ukufudumeza kombane, ukuhluthwa kwenitrogen), emva ukusetyenzwa kwenkunkuma yegesi adsorption condensation condensation, condensate ngokwahlula ukubuyiswa kwezinto eziphilayo ezixabisekileyo. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa unyango lwegesi yenkunkuma kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nomthamo womoya ophantsi. Kodwa le ndlela yotyalo-mali, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, iindleko zokusebenza, ukutshiza ipeyinti yokukhupha igesi “ibenzene ezintathu” kunye nenye igesi ephumayo ivamise ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-300 mg/m3, iqondo eliphantsi, umthamo womoya omkhulu (indawo yokusebenzela yokwenziwa kwepeyinti yemoto umthamo womoya uhlala ungasentla. 100000), kwaye ngenxa yokuba i-automobile coating ikhupha i-organic solvent composition, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe isinyibilikisi kunzima ukusisebenzisa, kwaye kulula ukuvelisa ungcoliseko lwesibini, ngoko ke ukugquma kunyango lwegesi eyinkunkuma ayisebenzisi le ndlela.
3. Windlela yokubhengeza igesi yeaste
Ipeyinti yokutshiza inkunkuma yonyango lwegesi i-adsorption inokohlulwa ibe yikhemikhali ye-adsorption kunye ne-adsorption ebonakalayo, kodwa "inkunkuma ye-benzene" imichiza yegesi yenkunkuma iphantsi, ayisebenzisi nje ikhemikhali yokufunxa. Ulwelo olufunxayo ngokwasemzimbeni lufunxa ukuguquguquka kancinci, kwaye lufunxa amacandelo anobudlelwane obuphezulu bokufudumeza, ukupholisa kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe ukuhlalutya ukufunxa kokufunxa. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukufuduswa komoya, ubushushu obuphantsi, kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi. Ufakelo lunzima, utyalo-mali lukhulu, ukhetho lwe-absorption fluid lunzima kakhulu, kukho ungcoliseko olubini.
4. Ai-carbon adsorption esebenzayo + izixhobo ze-UV photocatalytic oxidation
(1): ngokuthe ngqo ngokusebenzisa i-carbon activated adsorption ngqo yegesi ephilayo, ukufezekisa izinga lokuhlanjululwa kwe-95%, izixhobo ezilula, utyalo-mali oluncinci, ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa kufuneka ngokuphindaphindiweyo endaweni yekhabhoni esebenzayo, ukuxinwa okuphantsi kwezinto ezingcolileyo, akukho kubuyiselwa. (2) Indlela ye-Adsorption: i-organic gas kwi-activated carbon adsorption, i-carbon activated saturated air desorption kunye nokuvuselelwa.
5.Ai-carbon adsorption esebenzayo + izixhobo zeplasma ezinobushushu obuphantsi
Emva kokuba i-carbon adsorption isebenze kuqala, emva koko ngobushushu obuphantsi bezixhobo ze-plasma zokucubungula igesi yenkunkuma, iya kunyanga umgangatho wokukhutshwa kwegesi, indlela ye-ion kukusebenzisa iplasma Plasma (ION plasma) ukuthotywa kwegesi yenkunkuma ephilayo, ukususa ukunuka, ukubulala iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, ukuhlambulula. umoya luthelekiso lobuchwephesha obuphezulu bezizwe ngezizwe, iingcaphephe zasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe zibizwa ngokuba ngomnye wobuchwephesha obune benzululwazi yokusingqongileyo kwinkulungwane yama-21. Isitshixo setekhnoloji kukukhupha i-voltage ephezulu ye-pulse medium block disc ngendlela yenani elikhulu le-ion oxygen esebenzayo (iplasma), ukusebenza kwegesi, ukuvelisa zonke iintlobo zeeradicals zasimahla ezisebenzayo, ezinje nge-OH, HO2, O, njl. ., benzene, toluene, xylene, ammonia, alkane kunye nezinye i-organic waste gas degradation, i-oxidation kunye nezinye iintshukumo ezintsonkothileyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, kunye nemveliso engeyiyo ityhefu, luphepha ungcoliseko lwesibini. Itekhnoloji ineempawu zokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kakhulu, indawo encinci, ukusebenza okulula kunye nokugcinwa kwayo, kwaye ifanelekile ngakumbi kunyango lweegesi zamacandelo ahlukeneyo.
Bisishwankathelo esilula:
Ngoku kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeendlela zonyango kwimarike, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemigangatho yonyango yesizwe neyengingqi, siya kukhetha iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezidityanisiweyo ukunyanga igesi eyinkunkuma, ukukhetha ngokuhambelana nenkqubo yabo yokwenyani yonyango.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-28-2022
